the Furies的词源
英文词源
- Erinys (n.)
- (plural Erinyes), one of the three avenging spirits (Alecto, Tisiphone, Megaera) in Greek religion, identified with the Furies, of unknown origin, perhaps "the angry spirit" (compare Arcadian erinein "to be angry," Greek orinein "to raise, stir, excite," eris "strife, discord"). Related: Erinnic; Erinnical (1610s).
- euphemism (n.)
- 1650s, from Greek euphemismos "use of a favorable word in place of an inauspicious one," from euphemizein "speak with fair words, use words of good omen," from eu- "good, well" (see eu-) + pheme "speech, voice, utterance, a speaking," from phanai "speak" (see fame (n.)).
In ancient Greece, the superstitious avoidance of words of ill-omen during religious ceremonies, or substitutions such as Eumenides "the Gracious Ones" for the Furies (see also Euxine). In English, a rhetorical term at first; broader sense of "choosing a less distasteful word or phrase than the one meant" is first attested 1793. Related: Euphemistic; euphemistically. - talaria (n.)
- "winged sandals of Hermes (Mercury)" and often other gods (Iris, Eros, the Fates and the Furies), 1590s, from Latin talaria, noun use of neuter plural of talaris "of the ankle," from talus "ankle" (see talus (n.1)).
中文词源
第一代神王乌拉诺斯被其子克洛诺斯阉割时，溅出的精血使大地女神盖亚受孕，诞生了三位复仇女神，在希腊神话中被称为厄里倪厄斯（Erinys，常用复数形式Erinyes），在拉丁语中被称为Furia。她们的形象为三个身材高大的妇女，头上长着蛇发，眼中流出血泪，双肩生有翅膀，手执火把和蝮蛇鞭。她们永不停息地追逐杀人凶手，尤其是谋杀血亲的人，使他们受到良心的煎熬，直到丧失理智。为了避免激怒她们，凡人不敢直呼她们的名字，只能称她们为“温和的人”（the kindly ones）。
特洛伊战争中，希腊联军统帅阿伽门农回国后被妻子谋杀。他的儿子俄瑞斯忒斯为了替父亲报仇，杀死了自己的母亲，结果被复仇三女神追捕，一路逃到太阳神的神殿躲藏起来。复仇女神们来到智慧女神雅典娜面前请求裁决，雅典娜召集众法官，对俄瑞斯忒斯进行了审判。法官们投票表决相持不下。于是雅典娜投了至关重要的一票，判俄瑞斯忒斯无罪。复仇女神们不肯善罢甘休，声称这个审判将会给雅典城带来灾难。最后，雅典民众承诺要为复仇女神们建一座神庙，才使得复仇女神们放弃了复仇的想法。
复仇女神的拉丁语名字Furia来自拉丁语动词furere（狂怒），英语单词fury（狂怒）与其同源。
fury：['fjʊərɪ] n.狂怒，暴怒，激怒者
furious：['fjʊərɪəs] adj.狂怒的，激烈的，热烈兴奋的，喧闹的
该词的英语词源请访问找单词词源英文版：the Furies 词源，the Furies 含义。
